大沽河地下咸淡水过渡带的水-岩作用模拟     

陈然  郑西来 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,45(1):95-101

大沽河是青岛市最大的地下水源地,过量开采导致严重的地下咸水入侵,研究地下咸-淡水的地球化学作用对于地下咸水的治理具有重要的指导作用。本文选取大沽河地下咸淡水过渡带作为研究区,在地下水动态监测的基础上,通过地下水水质和含水介质矿物分析,借助当前成熟的水文地球化学模拟软件—PHREEQC 2.0,计算地下水中主要离子和络合离子的含量,定量确定矿物的饱和指数和地下水流向上矿物相与水之间的物质交换量。研究结果表明:(1)地下水中钠、钾、镁、钙主要以单一离子形态存在,硫、碳主要以络阴离子形态存在,而硅和铝主要以络合物形态存在;(2)在地下水流动路径上,方解石、白云石、伊利石、高岭土处于过饱和状态;而石膏、CO2、氯化钠、萤石、玉髓处于不饱和状态;(3)咸淡水过渡带地下水化学类型由HCO3-Ca·Na型水向Cl-Na型水转变的趋势。  相似文献   

Nonlinear Dynamic Behaviors of A Floating Structure in Focused Waves   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

曹飞凤  赵西增 《海洋工程》2015,29(6):807-820

Floating structures are commonly seen in coastal and offshore engineering. They are often subjected to extreme waves and, therefore, their nonlinear dynamic behaviors are of great concern. In this paper, an in-house CFD code is developed to investigate the accurate prediction of nonlinear dynamic behaviors of a two-dimensional (2-D) box-shaped floating structure in focused waves. Computations are performed by an enhanced Constrained Interpolation Profile (CIP)-based Cartesian grid model, in which a more accurate VOF (Volume of Fluid) method, the THINC/SW scheme (THINC: tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing; SW: Slope Weighting), is used for interface capturing. A focusing wave theory is used for the focused wave generation. The wave component of constant steepness is chosen. Comparisons between predictions and physical measurements show good agreement including body motions and free surface profiles. Although the overall agreement is good, some discrepancies are observed for impact pressure on the superstructure due to water on deck. The effect of grid resolution on the results is checked. With a fine grid, no obvious improvement is seen in the global body motions and impact pressures due to water on deck. It is concluded that highly nonlinear phenomena, such as distorted free surface, large-amplitude body motions, and violent impact flow, have been predicted successfully.  相似文献   

Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis of Jack-up Platforms Subjected to Monochrome and Irregular Waves     

Maziar Gholami KORZANI  Ali Akbar AGHAKOUCHAK 《海洋工程》2015,29(1):65-80

As jack-up platforms have recently been used in deeper and harsher waters, there has been an increasing demand to understand their behaviour more accurately to develop more sophisticated analysis techniques. One of the areas of significant development has been the modelling of spudcan performance, where the load-displacement behaviour of the foundation is required to be included in any numerical model of the structure. In this study, beam on nonlinear winkler foundation (BNWF) modeling—which is based on using nonlinear springs and dampers instead of a continuum soil media—is employed for this purpose. A regular monochrome design wave and an irregular wave representing a design sea state are applied to the platform as lateral loading. By using the BNWF model and assuming a granular soil under spudcans, properties such as soil nonlinear behaviour near the structure, contact phenomena at the interface of soil and spudcan (such as uplifting and rocking), and geometrical nonlinear behaviour of the structure are studied. Results of this study show that inelastic behaviour of the soil causes an increase in the lateral displacement at the hull elevation and permanent unequal settlement in soil below the spudcans, which are increased by decreasing the friction angle of the sandy soil. In fact, spudcans and the underlying soil cause a relative fixity at the platform support, which changes the dynamic response of the structure compared with the case where the structure is assumed to have a fixed support or pinned support. For simulating this behaviour without explicit modelling of soil-structure interaction (SSI), moment-rotation curves at the end of platform legs, which are dependent on foundation dimensions and soil characteristics, are obtained. These curves can be used in a simplified model of the platform for considering the relative fixity at the soil-foundation interface.  相似文献   

基于VR的建筑物仿真与交互技术     

张小萍  薛骏蜂  王君泽  瞿畅 《测绘科学》2011,36(5):162-164,230

在建筑展示中运用先进的虚拟现实技术,可以更好地满足全面生动展示建筑物的要求,使人产生身临其境的感觉.本文以某虚拟小区漫游系统的实现为例,探讨了通过VRML构建建筑模型、背景和辅助场景以及利用VRML与JavaScript通信等技术实现虚拟小区漫游系统丰富的交互功能的方法,为VRML在三维建筑场景的展示、漫游等方面的应用...  相似文献   

ESRI地理空间数据与AutoCAD数据的交互共享   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋超  董东林  张晓梅  董淑韵  张延芳  武娟妮 《地理空间信息》2011,(5):64-66

近年来,GIS发展迅猛,并呈向其他相关行业渗透、延伸趋势。地理空间数据的跨行业交互共享成为一种新的行业需求。以应用广泛的AutoCAD、Shape数据为例,对2种数据的差异和联系进行了详细分析,深入探讨了二者交互共享的必要性和可能性,归纳总结了实现其共享的方式和建议。力求探索一条基于ESRI空间数据和AutoCAD数据...  相似文献   

Relationship Between East Asian Winter Monsoon and Summer Monsoon   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YAN Hongming  YANG Hui  YUAN Yuan  LI Chongyin 《大气科学进展》2011,28(6):1345-1356

Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Centre for Atmospheric Research(NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data and monthly Hadley Center sea surface temperature(SST) data,and selecting a representative East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) index,this study investigated the relationship between EAWM and East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) using statistical analyses and numerical simulations.Some possible mechanisms regarding this relationship were also explored.Results indicate a close relationship between EAWM and EASM:a strong EAWM led to a strong EASM in the following summer,and a weak EAWM led to a weak EASM in the following summer.Anomalous EAWM has persistent impacts on the variation of SST in the tropical Indian Ocean and the South China Sea,and on the equatorial atmospheric thermal anomalies at both lower and upper levels.Through these impacts,the EAWM influences the land-sea thermal contrast in summer and the low-level atmospheric divergence and convergence over the Indo-Pacific region.It further affects the meridional monsoon circulation and other features of the EASM.Numerical simulations support the results of diagnostic analysis.The study provides useful information for predicting the EASM by analyzing the variations of preceding EAWM and tropical SST.  相似文献   

区域海气耦合过程对中国东部夏季降水模拟的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

房永杰  张耀存 《大气科学》2011,35(1):16-28

本文以区域环境系统集成模式(RIEMS)和普林斯顿海洋模式(POM)为基础,建立了一个区域海气耦合模式,评估了其对1985～2004年中圜东部夏季降水的模拟性能,并通过与观测海温强迫下单独大气模式模拟结果的比较,分析了海气耦合过程对降水模拟性能的影响.结果表明:耦合模式基本能够模拟出中国东部地区夏季降水的气候态分布及中...  相似文献   

物理守恒律保真全球谱模式辐射—云—对流过程的改进   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钟琦  钟青  沈元芳 《气候与环境研究》2011,16(4):407-418

辐射—云一对流相互作用的正确和合理描述是改进湿物理过程描述和数值模式的重要方面.在一个物理守恒律保真的全球模式中引入描述更细致的云参数化方案和辐射参数化方案,对6个30天实时资料数值积分进行分析.结果表明,通过云参数化方案中云描述的细化,改进了模式对云分布、云量、以及云水、云冰不同相态的模拟;辐射方案中对这些云水物质的...  相似文献   

“狮子山”奇异路径及业务预报着眼点的初步分析     

程正泉  张东 《广东气象》2011,33(4):1-6

利用热带气旋业务资料、数值模式分析场等产品从大气环流、双台风作用角度简要分析了1006号强热带风暴“狮子山”奇异路径的形成原因,结果表明同时存在的热带气旋“南川”和“圆规”所产生的双台风作用对“狮子山”路径有重要影响,并针对业务中的预报着眼点进行了分析和讨论.  相似文献   

Implementation of a second‐order paraxial boundary condition for a water‐saturated layered half‐space in plane strain     

John L. Tassoulas 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(5):531-550

A half‐space finite element and a transmitting boundary are developed for a water‐saturated layered half‐space using a paraxial boundary condition. The exact dynamic stiffness of a half‐space in plane strain is derived and a second‐order paraxial approximation of the stiffness is obtained. A half‐space finite element and a transmitting boundary are then formulated. The development is verified by comparison of the dynamic stiffness of impermeable and permeable rigid strip foundations with other published results. The advantage of using the paraxial boundary condition in comparison with the rigid boundary condition is examined. It is shown that the paraxial boundary condition offers significant gain and the resulting half‐space finite element and transmitting boundary can represent the effects of a water‐saturated layered half‐space with good accuracy and efficiency. In addition, the numerical method described herein maintains the strengths and advantages of the finite element method and can be easily applied to demanding problems of soil–structure interaction in a water‐saturated layered half‐space. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献